Black History Museum and Cultural
Center
The Black History Museum and Cultural
Center in Richmond, Virginia is located within one of the original
neighborhoods where Richmond's historically black community began to
take form. From the street, the brick building stands from the other
buildings around it, with its four large pillars framing the entrance
to the museum. Upon arrival, visitors watch a video that sets the
tone for the rest of the exhibit. The video previews the history of
Richmond's black community which contextualizes the displays and
artifacts included in the exhibit. The video features commentary by
black Richmond natives which infers that the museum tells its
narrative the way the people of the community want it to be told.
Upbeat jazz music is played in the background which sets a
celebratory tone.
The video at the beginning of the
exhibit is an important element that explains the purpose of the
exhibit, which is to proudly reflect on and honor the achievements
and history of Richmond's oldest African American community. The
video aligns with the structure of the exhibit and is used to preview
the questions that guide the exhibits structure. These questions
include, what is the history of Richmond's oldest black community?
What is the significance and impact the community locally and
nationally? Who and what were their major contributions and how did
they fit into American history as a whole?
The exhibit, titled “Banks,
Boutiques and 'The Deuce': The Legacy of Jackson Ward,” chronicles
Richmond's historically African American community, Jackson Ward.
Jackson Ward has been described as the “hub of Black Capitalism,”
“the cultural mecca of black society in the South” and “the
Harlem of the South.” The exhibit tells the story of how Jackson
Ward gained its notoriety and how it fit into the historical
landscape of the United States in the 19th and 20th
centuries.
The exhibit is organized
chronologically, starting in the mid-1800s when the first black
community in the city of Richmond began to take shape. Each section
of the exhibit has a title which is representative of its specific
time period, starting with “The Birthplace of Black Capitalism.”
Black capitalism is the most significant theme throughout the exhibit
as Jackson Ward is known for and proud of its astounding economic
achievements. This section includes artifacts such as documents,
books, awards, newspapers and pictures of notable members of the
community. The historical context of each section of the exhibit is
of great importance. The economic success of Jackson Ward as an
African American community in the South was unprecedented at the
time. The original members of Richmond's African American community
were newly freed slaves who relocated to Richmond following the Civil
War. The exhibit pays respect to the people who inhabited the
neighborhoods and built a business community from the ground up.
The subsequent section, titled
“Independent Business Owners,” displays artifacts from businesses
started in Jackson Ward such as eye glass stores, and barber shops.
It also recognized the entrepreneurs within the community.
As the exhibit moves on to the 20th
century it addresses how the Civil Rights Movement impacted Jackson
Ward. This section is titled, “Separate but Equal?” and
highlights people from the community who challenged separate but
equal. The narrative discusses how people from Richmond played an
important role in contributing to the success of the Civil Rights
Movement. This section honors two African American lawyers from
Richmond who worked on one of the five cases that set the precedent
for Brown vs. Board of Education. This section, like the exhibit as a
whole, portrays Jackson Ward as a community that made significant
contributions to the progress of African Americans in the United
States.
After contextualizing Jackson Ward
within the history America, the exhibit focuses on the culture of the
Jackson Ward community. The section titled, “United We Stand”
addresses the importance of the church within Richmond's black
community. The display calls the church “the backbone of black
society,” and includes photographs of the first churches and a
description of the church's role within the community in the 19th
and 20th centuries.
The exhibit's final section, “Let Me
Entertain You,” continues to display important aspects of the
community's culture which discusses how the entertainment within the
neighborhood shaped the culture of the community, which came to be
known as “the Harlem of the South.” The display explains how
shops, restaurants, beauty parlors and hotels contributed not only to
the economic success of the community, but also to the cultural
importance of Jackson Ward. Photographs of the renowned entertainers
who spent time in Jackson Ward, including Duke Ellington and Ella
Fitzgerald. Certain buildings within the community also contribute to
the community's culture. The well known Hippodrome theater provided a
location where artists and spectators could gather for performances.
Entertainment was said to be the heart of Jackson Ward, and the
artists and establishments within the community caused Jackson Ward
to be known for its artistic and cultural contributions, as well as
its economic contributions.
The exhibit initially explains the
national significance of Jackson Ward which draws in the viewer by
proving its importance in United States history, then details the
more specific culture and accomplishments of the community. The
exhibit celebrates the success of the community as a whole within the
context of the time. The exhibit mentions that compared to the white
community in Richmond, Jackson Ward would be considered less
successful, therefore, the exhibit must carefully contextualize the
community within the South for viewers to understand how impressive
Jackson Ward's achievements are. Overall, the Black History Museum
and Cultural Center of Virginia narrates the origins, contributions,
setbacks and culture of Richmond's oldest African American community
the way in which the people of Jackson Ward would want it to be told.
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